Which of the following is NOT a level of the Kesem Behavior Management Pyramid?

• A. Proactive Behavior Management
• B. Responsive Behavior Management
• C. Individualized Support
• D. Positive Reinforcement

Answer: (D)

Understanding how the Kesem Behavior Management Pyramid is organized helps differentiate what each part represents. Proactive Behavior Management focuses on preventing problems by setting clear expectations, routines, and teachable moments for success. Responsive Behavior Management covers the ways staff handle behaviors as they occur, using consistent and calm responses. Individualized Support addresses the needs of students who require tailored interventions and accommodations beyond the general approach. Positive Reinforcement is a technique used within these strategies to encourage desirable behavior—it's about rewarding appropriate actions to increase their likelihood, and it can be applied proactively, responsively, or as part of individualized supports. Because of that, Positive Reinforcement is not a separate level of the pyramid; the other three choices describe the levels themselves.